Japan's thinner-wrappered, more garlicky cousin of Chinese jiaozi, cooked with the defining pan-fry-then-steam method that crisps the bottoms into a lacy golden crust while the tops stay soft and delicate.
1.Toss the finely chopped napa cabbage with the salt, let it sit for 10 minutes, then squeeze out as much liquid as possible by hand - skipping this step leaves the filling watery and turns the wrappers soggy.
2.Combine the squeezed cabbage, ground pork, garlic, ginger, green onions, soy sauce, sesame oil, sake, and white pepper in a bowl, and mix vigorously in one direction until sticky and well combined.
3.Place a small spoonful of filling in the center of each wrapper, wet the edge with water, fold in half, and pleat one side 5-6 times, pressing to seal tightly.
4.Heat the vegetable oil in a nonstick skillet over medium-high heat and arrange the gyoza flat-side down in a circle, cooking until the bottoms are golden, about 3 minutes.
5.Add 1/4 cup water to the pan, cover immediately, and let the gyoza steam until the water evaporates and the wrappers turn translucent, 3-4 minutes.
6.Uncover, drizzle a little extra sesame oil around the pan, and cook uncovered for another minute until the bottoms crisp back up into a lacy golden crust.
7.Stir together the soy sauce and rice vinegar with chili oil to taste for dipping, and serve the gyoza hot, crispy-side up.